The radish (botanical name Raphanus sativus) is a very common palatable root vegetable belonging to the Brassicaceae family, which was domesticated in Europe prior to the Roman era. In effect, today radishes are cultivated as well as consumed by people across the globe. There are several varieties of radishes that differ in color, size and even the period required for cultivating the different varieties. It may be noted here that a number of radishes are simply cultivated for their seeds; especially the oilseed radishes are cultivated for this purpose. As the name of the variety oilseed suggests, this variety of radish is basically grown for obtaining oil from them.
Similar to several other members belonging to the cruciferous family, for instance, cabbage, broccoli, kale and Brussels sprouts, radishes enclose certain chemical compounds that possess cancer-protective attributes. Since the time of documented history, radishes have been effectively used in the form of a therapeutic food to treat liver problems. In effect, radishes enclose an assortment of chemicals that are sulfur-based and encourage enhanced bile flow. Hence, radishes facilitate in maintaining a fit and fine liver and gallbladder, while promoting digestion. Compared to cooked radish, raw radish roots enclose more amounts of vitamin C.
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Compared to the radish root, the green leaves of radish enclose much more calcium, protein and vitamin C. In addition, radishes contain rich amounts of potassium, and folic acid. They are also an excellent natural resource of riboflavin, vitamin B6 and minerals such as copper, magnesium and calcium. For instance, consumption of a cupful of chopped red radish roots supplies us with about 20 calories, mostly from carbohydrates.
Complete sunlit areas, a sandy loam soil having a pH of anything between 6.5 and 7.0 are ideal conditions for growing radishes. The growing season of radishes lasts from April to June and then again during the period between October and January in most regions in North America. However, in Europe and Japan, radishes are available throughout the year primarily owing to the variety of radishes cultivated in these parts of the world. In the United States, radishes are a very ordinary garden crop and it makes this plant a preferred choice for children's gardens owing to its rapid harvesting cycle.
In summer, radishes mature very fast as several varieties germinating in a brief period of just three to seven days and becoming mature in only three to four weeks from the period of sowing. The period of harvesting of radishes can be prolonged during this time of the year by means of repeated planting and in intervals of one or two weeks. Like any other root crops, when you till the soil properly, it helps in the rapid growth of the roots. Nevertheless, radishes are also employed in no-till farming without tilling the soil with a view to facilitate reverse compaction.
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Radishes are very adaptable and can grow as well as thrive on a majority of soil types. Nevertheless, they grow excellently on sandy loam soils especially to produce good crops during the winter and spring. On the other hand, soils having a solid crust are likely to weaken the growth of the plants. It may be underlined that the deepness at which the seeds are sown has a direct effect on the plants growth as well as their root size. It is recommended that the seeds ought to be sown at a depth of between 1 cm (0.4 inch) for smaller sized radishes and at an depth of about 4 cm (1.6 inches) in the case of the larger sized radishes.
Radish is a very valuable therapeutic root vegetable that is used to cure numerous health conditions. It contains a number of chemical compounds that are beneficial for our well being. Below is a brief discussion on the condition specific benefits of consuming radishes.
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Besides the above mentioned health benefits provided by radish, this root vegetable is an excellent appetizer, laxative and a mouth and breath freshener. It also helps to regulate metabolism, enhance blood circulation to all parts of the body and it is an effective remedy for acidity, headaches, queasiness, constipation, sore throat, obesity, gastric disorders, dyspepsia, whooping cough as well as several other health conditions.
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Unless you purchase radishes and serve them on the same day, it is advisable to remove the green leafy top and put them in plastic bags, provided they are not packaged already, and preserve them in the fridge. Majority of the radish varieties will be in excellent condition for a maximum period of two weeks when stored in this manner in the refrigerator. If the black radishes can be stored in this manner for a number of months provided they remain dry. Dry black radishes need to be packed in perforated plastic bags and stores in the refrigerator.
To cook radishes, you need to scrub this root vegetable and prune the tip as well as the stem end. As far as the skin of this root vegetable is concerned, you may peel it off or allow it to remain as it is. In fact, the skin of the radish is accountable for most of the tanginess of this root vegetable and, hence, most people who do not like this pungency peel off the skin of the radish, especially the black variety. Nevertheless, the white icicle radish and the red globe radish are not so spicy that their skin should not be essentially peeled off prior to serving.
If the radishes are small, you may serve them chopped or even as a whole vegetable. However, the daikons and the black varieties are generally cut, grated and then served. It may be noted that the most widespread uses of radishes comprise using them as ingredients of any green salad or in the form of a garnish.
